Suse Global Color Meaning Database A Cross-Cultural Color Reference
Updated 2026-09
Founder & Lead Curator: Chloe Chen

Developmental finding · relates to Pink

The girls-prefer-pink pattern is absent in small-scale societies

The finding

Cited claim

Davis and colleagues (2021) tested pink-versus-blue preference in children aged 4 to 11 in three small-scale societies with little exposure to global consumer culture (Shipibo in Peru, Tanna Islanders in Vanuatu, BaYaka in the Republic of Congo) and in an Australian global city. The familiar girls-prefer-pink, boys-avoid-pink pattern appeared only in the Australian city. This is strong evidence that the pink-feminine preference is learned from a gendered marketplace, not innate.

Why it is in the collection

Significance

The empirical heart of the pink record: it converts the claim 'pink is a constructed gender code' from assertion into cross-cultural finding.

Evidence type

How we know

Grade B. Cross-cultural developmental study, peer-reviewed.

Source

1 reference
  1. Davis, J. T. M., Robertson, E., Lew-Levy, S., Neldner, K., Kapitany, R., Nielsen, M., & Hines, M. (2021). Cultural Components of Sex Differences in Color Preference. Child Development 92(4), 1574-1589. peer reviewed
    https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13528

Cite this case record

Stable ID GCMD-C07

Chen, Chloe. “The girls-prefer-pink pattern is absent in small-scale societies.” Record GCMD-C07, Global Color Meaning Database (Suse), 2026. Accessed [date]. https://globalcolormeaning.org/entries/gcmd-c07.html.

The identifier GCMD-C07 is permanent: it does not change if the record text is revised. For an empirical number, also cite the underlying study listed below. See the how-to-cite page for full guidance.